The Graphite Guide

Shading & Value

Outlines tell you what something is; value tells you that it's there in real light. Here you'll learn to see and simplify light and shadow, build a smooth value scale from white to black, control tone with hatching and crosshatching, blend and smudge cleanly, suggest textures like metal, glass, and fur, and apply the core shadow rules — highlight, core shadow, reflected light, cast shadow — that make a flat circle read as a solid sphere.